697 lines
25 KiB
Scheme
697 lines
25 KiB
Scheme
;;; Copyright (C) Peter McGoron 2024
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;;; This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
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;;; it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
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;;; the Free Software Foundation, version 3 of the License.
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;;;
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;;; This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
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;;; but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
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;;; MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
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;;; GNU General Public License for more details.
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;;;
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;;; You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
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;;; along with this program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
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;;; Persistent AVL sets and maps using JOIN.
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Nodes, direction
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Returns the slot number for
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;;; =: The node data
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;;; h: the height
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;;; <: the left child
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;;; >: the right child
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(define %set:accessor
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(lambda (sym)
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(cond
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((eq? sym '=) 0)
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((eq? sym 'h) 1)
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((eq? sym '<) 2)
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((eq? sym '>) 3)
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(else (error "invalid direction")))))
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;;; Gets data from node value given accessor symbol.
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(define set:get
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(lambda (t sym)
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(let ((acc (%set:accessor sym)))
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(if (null? t)
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(cond
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((eq? sym 'h) 0)
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(else '()))
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(vector-ref t (%set:accessor sym))))))
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(define %set->sexpr
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(lambda (node)
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(if (null? node)
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'()
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(list (list 'data (set:get node '=))
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(list '< (%set->sexpr (set:get node '<)))
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(list '> (%set->sexpr (set:get node '>)))))))
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(cond-expand
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(chicken
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(import (chicken process))
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(define (set:display set)
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(call-with-output-pipe
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"dot -T png > /tmp/dot.png"
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(lambda (out)
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(letrec
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((D
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(lambda (o)
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(display o out)
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(display o)))
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(dump-data
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(lambda (tree)
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(D "\"")
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(D (set:get tree '=))
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(D "\"")))
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(connect
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(lambda (parent child)
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(if (null? child)
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'()
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(begin
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(dump-data parent)
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(D " -> ")
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(dump-data child)
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(D " ;\n")
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(loop child)))))
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(loop
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(lambda (parent)
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(if (null? parent)
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'()
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(begin
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(connect parent (set:get parent '<))
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(connect parent (set:get parent '>)))))))
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(D "digraph t {\n")
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(loop set)
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(D "}\n"))))
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(system "imv-wayland /tmp/dot.png")))
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(else
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(define set:display
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(lambda (set)
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(display (%set->sexpr set))
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(newline)))))
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;;; Get the height of a node, handling the empty node.
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(define %set:height
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(lambda (node)
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(if (null? node)
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0
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(set:get node 'h))))
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;;; Get the difference between the heights of two trees.
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(define %set:height-diff
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(lambda (t1 t2)
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(- (%set:height t1) (%set:height t2))))
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;;; Get the balance factor of a tree.
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(define %set:bal
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(lambda (t) (%set:height-diff (set:get t '<)
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(set:get t '>))))
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;;; Set data in node given accessor symbol.
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(define %set:set!
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(lambda (node dir x)
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(vector-set! node (%set:accessor dir) x)))
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;;; Construct a new tree with data VAL.
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(define %set:node
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(lambda (val dir1 node1 dir2 node2)
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(let ((node (vector val (+ 1
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(max (%set:height node1)
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(%set:height node2)))
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'() '())))
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(%set:set! node dir1 node1)
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(%set:set! node dir2 node2)
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node)))
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(define set:node-new-val
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(lambda (node newval)
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(%set:node newval
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'< (set:get node '<)
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'> (set:get node '>))))
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(define %set:invdir
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(lambda (dir)
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(cond
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((eq? dir '<) '>)
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((eq? dir '>) '<)
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(else (error "invalid direction")))))
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Tree rotations
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Rotate NODE to the left (dir = '>) or right (dir = '<).
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(define %set:rotate
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(lambda (node dir)
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(if (null? node)
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#f
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(let ((invdir (%set:invdir dir)))
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(let ((child (set:get node invdir)))
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(let ((to-swap (set:get child dir)))
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(%set:node (set:get child '=)
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dir (%set:node (set:get node '=)
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dir (set:get node dir)
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invdir to-swap)
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invdir (set:get child invdir))))))))
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; JOIN function for AVL trees.
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Handles rebalancing of the tree.
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(define %set:join
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(lambda (heavier val lighter heavier-dir)
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(let ((heavy-val (set:get heavier '=))
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(lighter-dir (%set:invdir heavier-dir)))
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(let ((heavy-heavy (set:get heavier heavier-dir))
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(heavy-light (set:get heavier lighter-dir)))
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(if (<= (abs (%set:height-diff heavy-light lighter)) 1)
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(let ((node (%set:node val
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heavier-dir heavy-light
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lighter-dir lighter)))
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(if (<= (%set:height-diff node heavy-heavy) 1)
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(%set:node heavy-val
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heavier-dir heavy-heavy
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lighter-dir node)
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(%set:rotate (%set:node heavy-val
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heavier-dir heavy-heavy
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lighter-dir
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(%set:rotate node lighter-dir))
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heavier-dir)))
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(let ((new-light (%set:join heavy-light val lighter heavier-dir)))
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(let ((node (%set:node heavy-val
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heavier-dir heavy-heavy
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lighter-dir new-light)))
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(if (<= (abs (%set:bal node)) 1)
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node
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(%set:rotate node heavier-dir)))))))))
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(define set:join
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(lambda (val dir1 node1 dir2 node2)
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(let ((diff (%set:height-diff node1 node2)))
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(cond
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((> diff 1) (%set:join node1 val node2 dir1))
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((< diff -1) (%set:join node2 val node1 dir2))
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(else (%set:node val dir1 node1 dir2 node2))))))
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(define set:join2
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(letrec
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((join2
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(lambda (left right)
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(if (null? left)
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right
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(let ((split-last-tree (split-last left)))
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(set:join (set:get split-last-tree '=)
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'< (set:get split-last-tree '<)
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'> right)))))
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(split-last
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(lambda (tree)
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(let ((right (set:get tree '>)))
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(if (null? right)
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tree
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(let ((last (split-last right)))
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(%set:node (set:get last '=)
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'< (set:join (set:get tree '=)
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'< (set:get tree '<)
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'> (set:get last '>))
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'> '())))))))
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join2))
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(define set:split
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(lambda (<=>)
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(letrec
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((split
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(lambda (set data)
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(if (null? set)
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(%set:node #f '< '() '> '())
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(let ((set-data (set:get set '=)))
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(let ((dir (<=> data set-data)))
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(if (eq? dir '=)
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(set:node-new-val set #t)
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(let ((new-tree (split (set:get set dir) data))
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(invdir (%set:invdir dir)))
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(%set:node (set:get new-tree '=)
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dir (set:get new-tree dir)
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invdir (set:join set-data
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dir (set:get new-tree invdir)
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invdir (set:get set invdir)))))))))))
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split)))
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Set functions
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Generate union operation from split operation.
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;;; Union prioritizes data in PRIORITY over keys in SECONDARY.
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(define set:union
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(lambda (split)
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(letrec
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((union
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(lambda (priority secondary)
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(cond
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((null? priority) secondary)
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((null? secondary) priority)
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(else
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(let ((key (set:get priority '=)))
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(let ((split-tree (split secondary key)))
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(set:join key
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'< (union (set:get priority '<)
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(set:get split-tree '<))
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'> (union (set:get priority '>)
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(set:get split-tree '>))))))))))
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union)))
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Element functions
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; (SET:IN <=>) generates a search function for comparison function <=>.
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;;; (SEARCH TREE DATA) searches TREE for a node that matches DATA.
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;;; It will return the node that contains the matched DATA, or '().
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(define set:in
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(lambda (<=>)
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(lambda (tree data)
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(letrec
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((loop
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(lambda (tree)
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(if (null? tree)
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'()
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(let ((dir (<=> data (set:get tree '=))))
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(if (eq? dir '=)
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tree
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(loop (set:get tree dir))))))))
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(loop tree)))))
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;;; (SET:UPDATE <=>) generates an update function for <=>.
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;;; (UPDATE TREE DATA UPDATE) inserts a node with data (UPDATE DATA #F)
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;;; into the tree if no node comparing equal to DATA is found, and a node
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;;; with data (UPDATE DATA OLD) if OLD compares equal to NODE.
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(define set:update
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(lambda (<=>)
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(lambda (tree data update)
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(letrec
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((loop
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(lambda (tree)
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(if (null? tree)
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(%set:node (update data '()) '< '() '> '())
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(let ((dir (<=> data (set:get tree '=))))
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(if (eq? dir '=)
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(%set:node (update data tree)
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'< (set:get tree '<)
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'> (set:get tree '>))
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(let ((invdir (%set:invdir dir)))
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(set:join (set:get tree '=)
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dir (loop (set:get tree dir))
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invdir (set:get tree invdir)))))))))
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(loop tree)))))
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;;; (SET:INSERT <=>) generates an insert function for comparison function
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;;; <=>.
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;;; (INSERT TREE DATA) inserts a node with DATA into TREE. It returns
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;;; (CONS NEWTREE FOUND), where FOUND is the node that was replaced by
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;;; the node, and '() otherwise, and NEWTREE is the new root of the tree.
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(define set:insert
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(lambda (update)
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(lambda (tree node)
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(let ((found '()))
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(let ((newroot (update tree node
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(lambda (data oldnode)
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(set! found oldnode)
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data))))
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(cons newroot found))))))
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;;; (SET:DELETE <=>) generates a delete function for comparison function
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;;; <=>.
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;;; (DELETE TREE DATA) deletes a node from TREE that compares equal to
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;;; DATA. The function returns (CONS NEWTREE FOUND), where FOUND is the
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;;; deleted node, or '() if not found, and NEWTREE is the root of the new
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;;; tree.
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(define set:delete
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(lambda (<=>)
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(lambda (tree data)
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(let ((found '()))
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(letrec
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((loop
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(lambda (tree)
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(if (null? tree)
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'()
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(let ((dir (<=> data (set:get tree '=))))
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(if (eq? dir '=)
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(begin
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(set! found tree)
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(set:join2 (set:get tree '<)
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(set:get tree '>)))
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(let ((invdir (%set:invdir dir)))
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(set:join (set:get tree '=)
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dir (loop (set:get tree dir))
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invdir (set:get tree invdir)))))))))
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(let ((newtree (loop tree)))
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(cons newtree found)))))))
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Converting sets to maps
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;;;
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;;; The conversion stores (CONS KEY VAL) into each pair.
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; Convert a <=> for sets to one for maps.
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(define set:<=>-to-map
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(lambda (<=>)
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(lambda (x y)
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(<=> (car x) (car y)))))
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(define map:key
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(lambda (node)
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(car (set:get node '=))))
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(define map:val
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(lambda (node)
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(cdr (set:get node '=))))
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;;; (UPDATE TREE KEY UPDATE*) runs inserts a node with value
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;;; (UPDATE KEY '()) if no node is found comparing equal to KEY, and
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;;; (UPDATE KEY NODE) if NODE compared equal to KEY.
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(define map:update
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(lambda (%update-recursive)
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(lambda (tree key update)
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(%update-recursive tree (cons key '())
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(lambda (_ oldnode)
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(cons key
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(update key oldnode)))))))
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(define map:insert
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(lambda (%update-recursive)
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(let ((insert (set:insert %update-recursive)))
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(lambda (tree key val)
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(insert tree (cons key val))))))
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(define map:search
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(lambda (<=>)
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(let ((search (set:in <=>)))
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(lambda (tree key)
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(search tree (cons key '()))))))
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(define map:delete
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(lambda (<=>)
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(let ((delete (set:delete <=>)))
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(lambda (tree key)
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(delete tree (cons key '()))))))
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(define map:split
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(lambda (<=>) (set:split <=>)))
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(define map:union
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(lambda (split) (set:union split)))
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;
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;;; For strings
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;;; ;;;;;;;;;;;
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(define integer<=>
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(lambda (x y)
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(cond
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((< x y) '<)
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((= x y) '=)
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(else '>))))
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(define char<=>
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(lambda (x y)
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(integer<=> (char->integer x)
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(char->integer y))))
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(define string<=>
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(lambda (x y)
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(let ((x-len (string-length x))
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(y-len (string-length y)))
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(letrec ((loop
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(lambda (i)
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(cond
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((and (= i x-len) (= i y-len)) '=)
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((= i x-len) '<)
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((= i y-len) '>)
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(else
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(let ((dir (char<=>
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(string-ref x i)
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(string-ref y i))))
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(if (eq? dir '=)
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(loop (+ i 1))
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dir)))))))
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(loop 0)))))
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(cond-expand
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((and (not miniscm-unslisp) (not r7rs))
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(define (list-set! lst n val)
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(if (= n 0)
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(set-car! lst val)
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(list-set! (cdr lst) (- n 1) val))))
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(else #f))
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(define map:string<=> (set:<=>-to-map string<=>))
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(define %smap:update (set:update map:string<=>))
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(define smap:update (map:update %smap:update))
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(define smap:insert (map:insert %smap:update))
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(define smap:search (map:search map:string<=>))
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(define smap:delete (map:delete map:string<=>))
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(define %smap:split (map:split map:string<=>))
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(define smap:union (map:union %smap:split))
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(define smap:insert-many
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(lambda (smap . pairs)
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(fold (lambda (pair smap)
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(smap:insert smap (car pair) (cdr pair)))
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smap
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pairs)))
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;;; SYMBOL-TABLE:
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;;;
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;;; A stateful map from symbols to values.
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;;;
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;;; (SET! KEY VAL)
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;;; (DELETE! KEY)
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;;; (GET KEY)
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;;; (TYPE)
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(define symbol-table
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(lambda ()
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(let ((table '()))
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(letrec ((insert!
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(lambda (key val)
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(let ((ret (smap:insert table
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(symbol->string key)
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val)))
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(set! table (car ret))
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(cdr ret))))
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(delete! (lambda (key) (smap:delete table (symbol->string
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key))))
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(search
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(lambda (key . default)
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(let ((ret (smap:search table (symbol->string key))))
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(if (null? ret)
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(if (null? default)
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#f
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(car default))
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(map:val ret))))))
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(lambda (op . args)
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(cond
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((eq? op 'set!) (apply insert! args))
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((eq? op 'delete!) (apply delete! args))
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((eq? op 'get) (apply search args))
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((eq? op 'type) 'symbol-table)
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(else (error 'symbol-table 'unknown op args))))))))
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;;; ;;;;;
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;;; Tests
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;;; ;;;;;
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;;; LST is a list of elements of the form
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;;; (KEY VAL ALREADY-IN)
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;;; where ALREADY-IN is #F for an element not in the set, or the value
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;;; that should be in the set.
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(define %set:operate-all
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(lambda (f tree lst)
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(if (null? lst)
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tree
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(let ((key (list-ref (car lst) 0))
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(val (list-ref (car lst) 1))
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(already-in (list-ref (car lst) 2)))
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(let ((insert-return (f tree key val)))
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(cond
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((and already-in (null? (cdr insert-return)))
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"should have been found")
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((and already-in (not (equal? already-in
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(map:val (cdr insert-return)))))
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(display (list already-in
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insert-return
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(map:val (cdr insert-return))))
|
|
(newline)
|
|
"found is not correct")
|
|
(else (%set:operate-all f (car insert-return) (cdr lst)))))))))
|
|
|
|
(define %set:insert-all
|
|
(lambda (tree lst)
|
|
(%set:operate-all smap:insert tree lst)))
|
|
|
|
(define %set:search-all
|
|
(lambda (tree lst)
|
|
(%set:operate-all (lambda (tree key _)
|
|
(let ((search-res (smap:search tree key)))
|
|
(cons tree search-res))) tree lst)))
|
|
|
|
(define %set:delete-all
|
|
(lambda (tree lst)
|
|
(%set:operate-all (lambda (tree key _)
|
|
(smap:delete tree key)) tree lst)))
|
|
|
|
(define %set:tests
|
|
(list
|
|
(cons "rotate right"
|
|
(lambda ()
|
|
(let ((right (%set:rotate (%set:node 1
|
|
'< (%set:node 2
|
|
'< (%set:node 3
|
|
'< '()
|
|
'> '())
|
|
'> (%set:node 4
|
|
'< '()
|
|
'> '()))
|
|
'> (%set:node 5 '< '() '> '()))
|
|
'>)))
|
|
(cond
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get right '=) 2)) "bad parent")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get right '>) '=) 1)) "bad right child")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get right '<) '=) 3)) "bad left child")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get (set:get right '>) '>) '=) 5))
|
|
"bad right child of right child")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get (set:get right '>) '<) '=) 4))
|
|
"bad left child of right child")
|
|
(else #t)))))
|
|
(cons "rotate left"
|
|
(lambda ()
|
|
(let ((right (%set:rotate (%set:node 1
|
|
'> (%set:node 2
|
|
'< (%set:node 3
|
|
'< '()
|
|
'> '())
|
|
'> (%set:node 4
|
|
'< '()
|
|
'> '()))
|
|
'< (%set:node 5 '< '() '> '()))
|
|
'<)))
|
|
(cond
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get right '=) 2)) "bad parent")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get right '>) '=) 4)) "bad right child")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get right '<) '=) 1)) "bad left child")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get (set:get right '<) '>) '=) 3))
|
|
"bad right child of left child")
|
|
((not (eqv? (set:get (set:get (set:get right '<) '<) '=) 5))
|
|
"bad left child of left child")
|
|
(else #t)))))
|
|
(cons "insert then delete"
|
|
(lambda ()
|
|
(let ((insert-return (smap:insert '() "a" 5)))
|
|
(cond
|
|
((not (pair? insert-return)) "invalid insert return")
|
|
((not (null? (cdr insert-return))) "string found in empty tree")
|
|
(else
|
|
(let ((tree (car insert-return)))
|
|
(let ((found (smap:search tree "a")))
|
|
(cond
|
|
((null? found) "string not in tree")
|
|
((not (equal? (map:key tree) "a"))
|
|
"returned key not equal to a")
|
|
((not (equal? (map:val tree) 5))
|
|
"returned value not equal to 5")
|
|
(else
|
|
(let ((delete-return (smap:delete tree "a")))
|
|
(cond
|
|
((not (pair? delete-return))
|
|
"invalid delete return")
|
|
((not (cdr delete-return)) "string not found")
|
|
((not (eqv? (car delete-return) '()))
|
|
"returned tree not null")
|
|
(else #t))))))))))))
|
|
(cons "insert a few unique then delete"
|
|
(lambda ()
|
|
(let ((to-insert (list
|
|
(list "abc" 1 #f)
|
|
(list "abd" 2 #f)
|
|
(list "def" 3 #f)
|
|
(list "123aC" 4 #f)
|
|
(list "qwe" 5 #f)
|
|
(list "123" 5 #f)
|
|
(list "lisp" 6 #f)
|
|
(list "c" 7 #f)
|
|
(list "scm" 8 #f)
|
|
(list "algol" 9 #f)
|
|
(list "asm" 10 #f)
|
|
(list "4" 11 #f)
|
|
(list "asme" 12 #f))))
|
|
(display "insert all") (newline)
|
|
(let ((tree (%set:insert-all '() to-insert)))
|
|
(if (string? tree)
|
|
tree
|
|
(begin
|
|
(for-each (lambda (x)
|
|
(list-set! x 2 (list-ref x 1)))
|
|
to-insert)
|
|
(display "search all") (newline)
|
|
(let ((res (%set:search-all tree to-insert)))
|
|
(if (string? res)
|
|
res
|
|
(begin
|
|
(display "delete all") (newline)
|
|
(let ((tree (%set:delete-all tree to-insert)))
|
|
(cond
|
|
((string? tree) tree)
|
|
((not (null? tree)) "did not delete everything")
|
|
(else #t))))))))))))
|
|
(cons "insert a few, update"
|
|
(lambda ()
|
|
(let ((tree (%set:insert-all '()
|
|
(list
|
|
(list "abcd" 1 #f)
|
|
(list "efgh" 2 #f)
|
|
(list "14293" 3 #f)
|
|
(list "abcde" 4 #f)))))
|
|
(if (string? tree)
|
|
tree
|
|
(let ((tree (smap:update tree
|
|
"abcde"
|
|
(lambda (key oldnode)
|
|
10))))
|
|
(let ((res (%set:search-all tree
|
|
(list
|
|
(list "abcd" 1 1)
|
|
(list "efgh" 2 2)
|
|
(list "14293" 3 3)
|
|
(list "abcde" 10 10)))))
|
|
(if (string? res)
|
|
res
|
|
#t)))))))
|
|
(cons "union a few"
|
|
(lambda ()
|
|
(let ((tree1 (%set:insert-all '()
|
|
(list
|
|
(list "a" 1 #f)
|
|
(list "b" 2 #f)
|
|
(list "c" 3 #f))))
|
|
(tree2 (%set:insert-all '()
|
|
(list
|
|
(list "c" 4 #f)
|
|
(list "d" 5 #f)
|
|
(list "e" 6 #f)))))
|
|
(let ((tree (smap:union tree1 tree2))
|
|
(to-search (list
|
|
(list "a" 1 1)
|
|
(list "b" 2 2)
|
|
(list "c" 3 3)
|
|
(list "d" 5 5)
|
|
(list "e" 6 6))))
|
|
(not (string? (%set:search-all tree to-search)))))))))
|
|
|