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Signed-off-by: Unai Martinez-Corral <umartinezcorral@antmicro.com>
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How it works
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############
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The F4PGA toolchain consists of logic synthesis and implementation tools, as well as chip documentation projects for
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chips of various vendors.
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To prepare a working bitstream for a particular FPGA chip, the toolchain goes through the following stages:
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* First, a description of the FPGA chip is created with the information from the relevant bitstream documentation
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project.
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This part is done within the `F4PGA Architecture Definitions <https://github.com/chipsalliance/f4pga-arch-defs>`__.
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The project prepares information about the timings and resources available in the chip needed at the implementation
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stage, as well as techmaps for the synthesis tools.
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* The second step is logic synthesis.
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It is carried out in the Yosys framework, which expresses the input Verilog file by means of the block and connection
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types available in the chosen chip.
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* The next step is implementation.
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Placement and routing tools put individual blocks from the synthesis description in the specific chip locations and
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create paths between them.
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To do that, F4PGA uses either `nextpnr <https://github.com/YosysHQ/nextpnr>`__ or `Verilog to Routing <https://github.com/verilog-to-routing/vtr-verilog-to-routing>`__.
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* Finally, the design properties are translated into a set of features available in the given FPGA chip.
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These features are saved in the `fasm format <https://github.com/chipsalliance/fasm>`__, which is developed as part of
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F4PGA.
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The fasm file is then translated to bitstream using the information from the bitstream documentation projects.
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To understand how F4PGA works, it is best to start with an overview of the general EDA tooling ecosystem and then
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proceed to see what the F4PGA project consists of.
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EDA Tooling Ecosystem
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=====================
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@ -65,3 +44,26 @@ collaborating projects targeting different FPGAs - :doc:`Project X-Ray
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.. figure:: _static/images/parts.svg
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The F4PGA toolchain consists of logic synthesis and implementation tools, as well as chip documentation projects for
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chips of various vendors.
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To prepare a working bitstream for a particular FPGA chip, the toolchain goes through the following stages:
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* First, a description of the FPGA chip is created with the information from the relevant bitstream documentation
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project.
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This part is done within the `F4PGA Architecture Definitions <https://github.com/chipsalliance/f4pga-arch-defs>`__.
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The project prepares information about the timings and resources available in the chip needed at the implementation
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stage, as well as techmaps for the synthesis tools.
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* The second step is logic synthesis.
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It is carried out in the Yosys framework, which expresses the input Verilog file by means of the block and connection
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types available in the chosen chip.
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* The next step is implementation.
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Placement and routing tools put individual blocks from the synthesis description in the specific chip locations and
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create paths between them.
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To do that, F4PGA uses either `nextpnr <https://github.com/YosysHQ/nextpnr>`__ or `Verilog to Routing <https://github.com/verilog-to-routing/vtr-verilog-to-routing>`__.
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* Finally, the design properties are translated into a set of features available in the given FPGA chip.
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These features are saved in the `fasm format <https://github.com/chipsalliance/fasm>`__, which is developed as part of
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F4PGA.
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The fasm file is then translated to bitstream using the information from the bitstream documentation projects.
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